ADVERB CLAUSE
adalah Clause (anak kalimat) yang berfungsi sebagai Adverb, yakni menerangkan kata kerja.
Adverbial Clause biasanya diklasifikasikan berdasarkan "arti/maksud" dari Conjunction (kata penghubung yang mendahuluinya).
Adverbial Clause biasanya diklasifikasikan berdasarkan "arti/maksud" dari Conjunction (kata penghubung yang mendahuluinya).
Jenis -jenis Adverbial Clause
antara lain:
1. Clause of Time
Clause yang menunjukkan waktu. Biasanya dibuat dengan menggunakan conjunction
1. Clause of Time
Clause yang menunjukkan waktu. Biasanya dibuat dengan menggunakan conjunction
(kata penghubung) seperti after , before , no sooner , while , as , dll.
Contoh:
Shut the door before you go out.
You may begin when(ever) you are ready.
While he was walking home, he saw an accident.
By the time I arrive, Alex will have left.
No sooner had she entered than he gave an order.
Contoh:
Shut the door before you go out.
You may begin when(ever) you are ready.
While he was walking home, he saw an accident.
By the time I arrive, Alex will have left.
No sooner had she entered than he gave an order.
2. Clause of Place
Clause yang menunjukkan tempat. Biasanya dibuat dengan menggunakan conjunction seperti where , nowhere , anywhere , wherever , dll.
Contoh:
They sat down wherever they could find empty seats
The guard stood where he was positioned.
Where there is a will, there is a way.
Where there is poverty, there we find discontent and unrest.
Go where you like.
Clause yang menunjukkan tempat. Biasanya dibuat dengan menggunakan conjunction seperti where , nowhere , anywhere , wherever , dll.
Contoh:
They sat down wherever they could find empty seats
The guard stood where he was positioned.
Where there is a will, there is a way.
Where there is poverty, there we find discontent and unrest.
Go where you like.
3. Clause of Contrast (or Concession)
Clause yang menunjukkan adanya pertentangan antara dua kejadian atau peristiwa yang saling berhubungan. Biasanya dibuat dengan menggunakan conjunction (kata penghubung) seperti although, though, even though, whereas, even if, in spite of, as the time, dll.
Clause yang menunjukkan adanya pertentangan antara dua kejadian atau peristiwa yang saling berhubungan. Biasanya dibuat dengan menggunakan conjunction (kata penghubung) seperti although, though, even though, whereas, even if, in spite of, as the time, dll.
Contoh:
As the time you were sleeping, we were working hard.
Mary wanted to stop, whereas I wanted to go on.
Although it is late, we'll stay a little longer.
He is very friendly, even if he is a clever student.
As the time you were sleeping, we were working hard.
Mary wanted to stop, whereas I wanted to go on.
Although it is late, we'll stay a little longer.
He is very friendly, even if he is a clever student.
4. Clause of Manner
Clause yang menunjukkan cars bagaimana suatu pekerjaan dilakukan atau peristiwa terjadi. Biasanya dibuat dengan menggunakan conjunction (kata penghubung) seperti as, how, like , in that, dll.
Contoh:
He did as I told him.
You may finish it how you like.
They may beat us again, like they did in 1978.
Clause yang menunjukkan cars bagaimana suatu pekerjaan dilakukan atau peristiwa terjadi. Biasanya dibuat dengan menggunakan conjunction (kata penghubung) seperti as, how, like , in that, dll.
Contoh:
He did as I told him.
You may finish it how you like.
They may beat us again, like they did in 1978.
5. Clause of Purpose and Result
Clause yang menunjukkan hubungan maksud/tujuan dan hasil. Biasanya dibuat dengan menggunakan kata penghubung seperti (in order) that, so that, in the hope that, to the end that, lest, in case, dll.
Contoh:
They went to the movie early (in order) to find the best seats.
She bought a book so (that) she could learn English
He is saving his money so that he may take a long vacation.
I am working night and day in the hope that I can finish this book soon.
Clause yang menunjukkan hubungan maksud/tujuan dan hasil. Biasanya dibuat dengan menggunakan kata penghubung seperti (in order) that, so that, in the hope that, to the end that, lest, in case, dll.
Contoh:
They went to the movie early (in order) to find the best seats.
She bought a book so (that) she could learn English
He is saving his money so that he may take a long vacation.
I am working night and day in the hope that I can finish this book soon.
6. Clause of Cause and Effect
Clause yang menunjukkan hubungan sebab dan akibat. Ada beberapa pola membentuk Clause jenis ini. Perhatikan baik-baik.
Contoh:
Ryan ran so fast that he broke the previous speed record.
It was so cold yesterday that I didn't want to swim.
The soup tastes so good that everyone will ask for more.
The student had behaved so badly that he was dismissed from the class.
Contoh:
The Smiths had so many children that they formed their own baseball team.
I had so few job offers that it wasn't difficult to select one.
Contoh:
He has invested so much money in the project that he cannot abandon it now.
The grass received so little water that it turned brown in the heat.
Contoh:
Clause yang menunjukkan hubungan sebab dan akibat. Ada beberapa pola membentuk Clause jenis ini. Perhatikan baik-baik.
Contoh:
Ryan ran so fast that he broke the previous speed record.
It was so cold yesterday that I didn't want to swim.
The soup tastes so good that everyone will ask for more.
The student had behaved so badly that he was dismissed from the class.
Contoh:
The Smiths had so many children that they formed their own baseball team.
I had so few job offers that it wasn't difficult to select one.
Contoh:
He has invested so much money in the project that he cannot abandon it now.
The grass received so little water that it turned brown in the heat.
Contoh:
Di samping itu, untuk mengungkapkan hubungan cause and effect (sebab dan akibat) dapat digunakan pola lain, yaitu:
1. Menggunakan Preposition (kata depan) seperti
because of , due to, due to the fact that, dll
Contoh:
Because of the cold weather, we stayed home. (=We stayed home because of the cold weather)
Due to the cold weather, we stayed home. (=We stayed home due to the cold weather)
Due to the fact that the
Contoh:
Because of the cold weather, we stayed home. (=We stayed home because of the cold weather)
Due to the cold weather, we stayed home. (=We stayed home due to the cold weather)
Due to the fact that the
eather was cold, we stayed home. (=We stayed home due to the fact that the weather was cold)
2. Menggunakan kata penghubung (conjunction) seperti
Because , since , now , that, as , as , long as , inasmuch as
Contoh:
Because he was sleepy, he went to bed.
Since he's not interested in classical music, he decided not to go to the concert.
As she had nothing in particular to do, she called up a friend and asked her if she wanted to take in a movie.
Inasmuch as the two government leaders could not reach an agreement, the possibilities for peace are still remote.
Contoh:
Because he was sleepy, he went to bed.
Since he's not interested in classical music, he decided not to go to the concert.
As she had nothing in particular to do, she called up a friend and asked her if she wanted to take in a movie.
Inasmuch as the two government leaders could not reach an agreement, the possibilities for peace are still remote.
Beberapa Adverb Clause dapat diubah menjadi Modifying Phrases dengan cara:
» Menghilangkan subjek dari dependent Clause dan verb (be).
Contoh:
a. ADVERB CLAUSE : While I was walking to class, I ran into an old friend.
b. MODIFYING PHRASE : While walking to class, I ran into an old friend.
» Menghilangkan subjek dari dependent Clause dan verb (be).
Contoh:
a. ADVERB CLAUSE : While I was walking to class, I ran into an old friend.
b. MODIFYING PHRASE : While walking to class, I ran into an old friend.
» Jika dalam Adverb Clause tidak ada be, hilangkanlah subjek dan ubahlah verb dalam Adverb Clause itu menjadi bentuk -ing.
Contoh:
a. ADVERB CLAUSE : Before I left for work, I ate breakfast
b. MODIFYING PHRASE : Before leaving for work, I ate breakfast.
Adverb Clause dapat diubah menjadi Modifying Phrase jika subjek dari adverb Clause dan subjek dari main Clause sama.
Contoh:
© DAPAT DIRUBAH
While I was sitting in class, I fell asleep MENJADI While sitting in class, I fell asleep.
While Ann was sitting in class, she fell asleep MENJADI While sitting in class, Ann fell asleep.
Since Mary came to this country, she has made many friends MENJADI Since coming to this country, Mary has made many friends.
Contoh:
© DAPAT DIRUBAH
While I was sitting in class, I fell asleep MENJADI While sitting in class, I fell asleep.
While Ann was sitting in class, she fell asleep MENJADI While sitting in class, Ann fell asleep.
Since Mary came to this country, she has made many friends MENJADI Since coming to this country, Mary has made many friends.
© TIDAK DAPAT DIRUBAH
While the teacher was lecturing to the class, I fell asleep.
While we were walking home, a frog hopped across the road in front of us.
While the teacher was lecturing to the class, I fell asleep.
While we were walking home, a frog hopped across the road in front of us.
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